Murallas de Pamplona (Navarra)

In 1324, Carlos el Calvo (Charles the Bald) grants a resettlement charter to promote the reconstruction of Navarrería, which had been destroyed in the civil war of 1276. In the course of this war, a French army, assisting the burghs of San Cernin and San Nicolás, wrecks the city of La Navarrería, which had risen against Queen Doña Juana. Following this conflict, during which the original nucleus of the Gothic Pamplona is destroyed, only the cathedral remains standing.

Pamplona therefore becomes divided into three nuclei following the resettlement charter, each with their respective walls:

The city of La Navarrería
This is the oldest enclave of Pamplona.

Parish churches: the cathedral, where the kings were crowned.

Population: peasants from Navarre. It also contains the Jewish quarter.

The burgh of San Cernin
This emerges with the Pilgrims’ Route to Santiago.

Parish churches: San Saturnino (for the Frankish population of the neighbourhood, tradesmen, moneychangers, etc. – all of them townspeople) and in the Puebla Nueva, the peasants, whose parish church is San Lorenzo.

Population: Franks, merchants and professionals.

The settlement of San Nicolás
This emerges with the Pilgrims’ Route to Santiago.

Parish church: San Nicolás.

Population: Franks and Navarrese. In 1423, with the Privilege of the Union, Charles III the Noble will bring the three burghs together into a single jurisdiction: the City Council, in its current location. This will entail the end of internal armed conflicts and the birth of Pamplona as a unified city.